Flushing apparatus



Jun 4, 1968 R. s. PARKISON ETAL 3,386,459

FLUSHING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 5, 1964 uhw INVENTORSRichard G. Purkison BY Paul J. Klein ATTORNEY n 4, 19 8 R. 5. PARKISONETAL 3,386,459

\FLUSHING APPARATUS I Filed Feb. 5, 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 v n g S Q N(\I Q U "a, .9 3 Ll.

INVENTORS Richard 6. Porklson Paul, J. KI n June 4, 1968 R. 5. PARKISONETAL 3,386,459

FLUSHING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 5, 1964 BAY Paul J. KlemA'rroR EY INVENTORS Richard G. Pogkison United States Patent DelawareFiled Feb. 5, 1964, Ser. No. 342,613 1 Claim. (Cl. 137216) Thisinvention relates to new and useful improvements in a water closet andmore particularly to flushing apparatus for use with a closet.

An object of this invention is to provide a control "apparatus which isoperable to provide a combined bowl flushing and rim flushing action fora closet bowl.

Another object is to provide an inter-relation between the bowl flushingmeans and the rim flushing means so that they will have substantiallyequal duration of operation.

Another object is to provide a unit control device for a flushing andventilating apparatus.

The foregoing objects will be further pointed out and additional objectswill become apparent from the following description.

For a better understanding of the present invention reference should behad to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numerals of referenceindicate similar parts throughout the several views and wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of a water closet and supply tank with thetank cover removed to show the internal apparatus and also showing thecloset bowl portion with parts in section to more clearly illustrate theinvention.

FIGURE 2 is a view in section on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1 taken in thedirection of the arrows and showing the tank filling means and the flushvalve as well as the valve casing for the rim flush and for the vacuumventilating apparatus.

FIGURE 3 is a view in section on FIG. 1.

FIGURE 4 is a view in top plan and partly in section on the line 44 ofFIG. 3.

FIGURE 5 is a view in section on the line 55 of FIG. 1.

FIGURE 6 is a detail view in section on the line 6-6 of FIG. 3.

FIGURE 7 is a detail view in section on the line 77 of FIG. 2.

FIGURE 8 is a view in section on the line 88 of FIG. 7.

FIGURE 9 is a detail view in section on the line 9-9 of FIG. 1 showingthe ventilating apparatus.

In the accompanying drawings, there is shown a onepiece water closethaving a tank 1 and a bowl 2. The lower portion of the tank front wall3, see FIG. 3, forms the rear wall of the bowl 2 which has the usualwater containing receptacle 4 or bowl which, as usual, underlines thecloset seat, not shown. The receptacle 4 has an inlet passageway 5discharging thereinto below the normal liquid level and which suppliesthe bowl flushing water for starting siphon operation or discharge fromthe receptacle 4. The bowl also has a hollow rim flush comprising a rimpassageway 6 which surrounds the top of the receptacle 4 and overliesthe inner wall surface thereof, having in its underside punchings orapertures 7 for discharging downward into the receptacle along and towash the side walls thereof. Water is supplied to the rim passageway 6by a conduit 8 which leads from the tank 1. The rim passageway 6 alsohas an outlet 9 leading from its rear portion to the tank 1 whereby itis connected to the ventilating apparatus generally designated 10. Thebowl or receptacle 4 has its usual discharge the line 3-3 of 3,386,459Patented June 4, 1968 or waste outlet, not shown, discharging through aconduit having the usual water trap and downleg 11, see FIG. 9. Thewaste conduit has a portion of its top wall extending into and forming aportion of the bottom wall of the tank, as at 11a. The ventilatingapparatus 10 has its outlet 12, see FIG. 9, discharging into a conduit13 which opens into the downleg 11 through an opening 14 in the sidewall 15 of the downleg.

The ventilating apparatus mentioned comprises the invention of Farris E.Dixon, Ser. 241,5 88, filed Dec. 3, 1962, now P.N. 3,188,658. Thisventilating apparatus is connected by an inlet conduit 16 to the rimoutlet 9. The inlet conduit 16 connects into a conduit which leads tothe outlet 12. In this last mentioned conduit, there is a U-shaped watertrap 17 which is re-filled by a tube 18 which discharges into the trap17 at 19. The upleg of the trap 17 connects into an aspirating conduitportion 20 which is coupled by a conduit portion or pipe 21 to theoutlet 12. The aspirating portion 20 has a feed pipe 22 which terminatesin a jet 23 facing the outlet 12 and discharging concentrically into thepipe 21. This jet 23 is fed with water under pressure, such as thedomestic water pressure, through the pipe 24 which connects to valvemechanism to be described. Connected into the passageway 22 to the jet23, there is a tube 25 which has its inlet end portion 26 connected to areservoir 25a in communication with the trap 17 so that when water isdischarged through the jet 23 a vacuum will be created in the reservoir25a thereby emptying the trap of water and providing a direct connectionfrom the bowl 4- through the inlet 16 to the downleg 11 via the trap 17,the pipe 21, outlet 12, conduit 13 and side wall opening 14 so thatgases will be sucked from the bowl into the downleg.

The tank 1 has an inlet pipe 27 (FIG. 2) connected to a source of waterunder pressure such as the domestic water supply. The pipe 27 (see FIG.5) connects at its upper end to a T-shaped conduit 28 having at the endof one arm, a valve 29 and at the end of its other arm, a valve 30. Thevalve 29 contains a valve member 31 which is urged to its seat by aspring 32 and has a tiltable stem 33 which is actuated or tilted by acam 34 on a shaft 35. The valve outlet chamber discharges into a vacuumbreaker having an outlet chamber 37. A valve member 38 which has aspring urging it to closed position controls the inlet to the chamber37. The chamber 37 is closed to atmosphere by the valve member 38 whenwater under pressure enters the chamber 36, the valve member 38 beingmoved by the water pressure to close the vacuum breaker atmosphericoutlet 39. The chamber 37 connects through an outlet 40 (FIG. 1) to thepipe 24 which is the starter tube for the aspirating means whichenergizes the ventilating apparatus.

On the other end of the cross arm 28 (see FIG. 5), the inlet valve 30 tothe flush tank is positioned. The valve 30 may be any of the usualvalves available on the market. The valve member 41a has an operatingplunger 41 (FIG. 5) which is moved up and down by a float or liquidlevel responsive means 42 (FIG. 1) carried by a lever arm 43 so that thevalve member is opened when the level falls and is closed when the levelis at the desired water line.

The outlet chamber of the valve 30 has an outlet 44 which is coupled bya union 45 (FIG. 1) to a tank filling means 46 (FIGS. 1 and 3) whichcomprises an elongated tubular member 47 having an upper cylindricalswirl chamber 48 and a lower cylindrical swirl chamber 49, each of thesechambers being of annular form. The cylindrical inner wall 50 of theupper chamber flares outward and downward as at 51 to merge into thecylindrical outer wall 52 of the lower swirl chamber. The upper chamber48 has an outer wall 53 which is of substantially the same the bottomWall 62 of the tank 1, see

diameter as the lower chamber outer wall 52, the wall 53 having itslower end portion recessed internally so that it forms an annulardownward facing shoulder to seat upon the upward facing shoulder of anexterior annular portion of the outer wall 52 as at 54. The outer wall53 terminates at its upper end in an annular end wall 55 which has atits inner periphery a depending tubular portion or wall 56 which extendsdownward to, or slightly below, the upper end 57 of the inner wall thewalls 56 and being spaced laterally from each other to provide anannular inlet 58 to the upper end of the chamber 49.

The lower end of the chamber 49 is closed by an end wall member 59 whichis of annular form and has a downward extending tubular portion 59.Fitting into the tubular portion 69 there is a cylindrical dischargeconduit or filling tube 61 which extends downward substantially to FIG.3. This tube or conduit 61 has its upper end portion 63 extending upwardwithin the wall 52 and fforms the inner wall of the lower chamber 4-9.The upper wall portion 63 of the tube 61 is spaced as at 64 from theflared wall portion 51 so as to provide an annular inlet to the chamber49. The coupling 45 is threaded onto the inlet tube 65 which dischargesas at 66 tangentially into the chamber 4-3 adjacent to its lower end.The direction of flow being counterclockwise when viewing the swirl ofthe water in plan view. At the upper end of the chamber 48 on the otherside from the inlet 6-5 there is an outlet d8 (FIGS. 1 and 4) which isconnected to the inlet end of the tube 18 which is the refill tube,above mentioned, for the trap 17 of the ventilating apparatus. Adjacentto the lower end of the chamber 49 there is a tangential outlet throughits outer wall as at 7%) which has its inlet directed to receive theswirl of the water in the lower chamber 49. The tangential outlet 70 hasa tubular outer end fitting 71 for connection to a control valve 72.

The valve 72 has a housing or casing formed of two members 73 and 74(FIG. 7). The member 73 is of generally cup like form having an internalchamber 75 which is generally sector shaped, see FIG. 8. The housingmember 73 has an inlet conduit or passageway through a tubular inletmember 76a which is connected to the tangential outlet fitting member 71of the tank filling means 46. The inlet passageway 76 is aligned with anoutlet passageway 77 in the cover member 74 which is secured by screwsor the like 78 to the rim of the chamber '75, the same being sealedthereto by a gasket 79. Through the end wall of the casing member 73 andparallel to the passageway 76 there is a shaft bearing aperture 30 whichis aligned with a shaft bearing recess 81 formed in the cover member 74.Within the casing chamber 75 there is a valve member 82 of sector-likeform. This valve member 82 has a port 85 therethrough which is swingableor movable into open position wherein it is in registry or alignmentwith the passageways 76 and 77. The valve member 82 is mounted rigidlyon a shaft 86 which is journaled in the bearing apertures 89 and 81. Theshaft 86 is held away from the end wall of the recess 81 by an extensionspacer member 87 which is accurately dimensioned in thickness so thatthe valve member 82 has a leakage spacing or clearance from the covermember 74 of substantially 20-thousandths of an inch, as indicated at88. The reason for this leakage will be explained later. The other faceof valve member 82 is spaced from casing member 73 by a clearance bossor annular member on the shaft 86.

The external end of the shaft 86 has a lever means 90 rigidly securedthereto, the means 9% having a lever arm or member 91 (FIGS. 2 and 4)extending upward and a lever arm or member 92 extending downward at aninclination and having a bifurcated lower end portion as at 93. Thepassageway 77 (FIG. 3) which leads from the valve casing 72 extendsthrough a tubular fitting 95 on which is sleeved an expansion washer orsealing ring 95 which is clamped between end nuts 97 and 98 which arethreaded on the fitting 95, a spacer sleeve 99 may also be providedbetween the nut 97 and the sealing ring 95. The fitting 95 extends intoan inlet aperture 1% (FIGS. 1 and 3) formed in an inlet nipple throughthe front Wall 3 of the tank 1, the aperture or inlet port 1%!) being atthe inlet end of the passageway 55 which leads to the bowl rimpassageway 6.

The bowl flushing passageway 5 (FIG. 1) is supplied with water from thetank 1 through its bottom well through the outlet passageway 101, seeFIG. 2, in a fitting which connects the tank to the closet (not shown)as the arrangement is well known. The passage 191 (FIG. 2) has a valveseat 102 at its upper end. Oooperable with the seat 102 is a flappertype valve member 193 carried by a lever arm 194 which is pivoted at 105on a shaft which passes through a supporting arm 105 which is rigid withthe valve seat member 192. The arm 104 has connected to it a second arm107 which supports a horizontally extendmg float member 198 and a timedelay container or chamber 109 which has a drain or bleed hole 110 inits bottom end. The float 108 assists in opening the valve 103 once itis moved from its seat 102 and also forms part of the time delay means,the other part being provided by the container 109 which is anovercenter means. The time delay is established by the volumetriccapacity of the container 199 and the size of the drain hole 110, theliquid level in the tank 1 being indicated by the line L shown on FIG. 2above the container 109. Secured to the upper top end of the container199 as at 111, there is a flexible operating member 112 which may be inthe form of a bead chain. This chain is connected at its other end tothe bifurcated end 93 of the lever 92. The length of the container 109and the dimension from its pivot 105 to its upper end at 111 is suchrelative to the distance between the fulcrum of the lever 90 and thepivot 195 that when the valve is unoved to open position, the end 111 ofthe container 199 will abut the lever 92 as indicated by the brokenlines 114 (FIG. 2). This engagement of the container 109 with the arm 92of lever 90 serves to hold the lever 90 in operated position andtherefore the valve member 82 in open position so that water can flow tothe rim passageway 6. There is the usual safety overflow conduit 114a,see FIG. 2, which discharges at 1141) into the outlet passageway 191beneath the valve member 103. This flush valve 103 is described in HurkoPatent, No. 2,773,268, granted Dec. 11, 1956.

Through the side wall 115 (FIGS. 1 and 2) 0f the tank 1, there is anopening through which a sleeve 116 extends. The sleeve 116 is sealed inthe wall opening and is enlarged on its outer or external end 117 whichguides a hollow push-pull plunger member 118. The hand or finger gripmember 118 carries rigidly a plunger 119 which extends into the tank 1and has at its interior free end an adjust-able end portion 120 (FIG. 2)which is movable into engagement with the lever arm 91 of the controlvalve 72. Also carried by the plunger 119 is an arm 121 which has a linkor pull rod 122 connected thereto, the rod 122 being adjustable inlength by a threaded connection 123. The end of the rod 122 is formed asa hook engageable at 124 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 5) with a lever 125 having anaperture through which the rod 122 extends. The lever 125 is rigid withthe shaft 35 of the valve 29, FIG. 5. The lost motion connection 124.between the link 122 and the lever 125 permits the push-pull rod 119 tobe moved inward by manual pressure on the member 118 without operatingthe valve member 31 (FIG. 5) when the latter is in its closed positionso that the ventilating apparatus is not turned on when the push-pullrod 119 is moved inwardly. Such inward movement of the shaft or plunger119 however, acts through the end portion 120 against the lever arm 91to rotate the valve member 82 to open position and also rotates thelever arm 92 clockwise or toward the left facing FIG. 2 so that thechain 112 is pulled to the [left thereby pivoting the valve member 103to open position.

The member 118 is externally tapered so that it is easily grasped by thefingers for a pulling movement away from the tank wall 115, whichpulling movement will act through the lost-motion connection 124 torotate the lever 125 in a counterclockwise direction, facing FIG. 2,which will open the valve member 31 and start the ventilating apparatus.The rods 122 has an extension or protrusion 122a spaced from the hook onthe end of rod 122. The protrusion 122a is adapted to engage the lever125 when the plunger 119 is moved inwardly upon completion ofventilation to shut the valve member 31.

Operation With the water closet installed for operation, when it isdesired to flush the closet bowl, the plunger knob 118 is pushed inward.This inward movement acts through the plunger rod end portion "120 torotate the lever or lever arm 91 toward the right or clockwise, facingFIG. 2 which opens the valve member 82 so that the port 85 is alignedwith the passageways 76 and 77. This movement of the lever arm 91 alsoacts through the lever arm 92 to pull on the flexible member 112 to tiltthe valve member 103 from its seat 102 thereby opening the bottom outletof the tank 1 to the passageway 101 and causing flushing water todischarge from the tank 1 through the passageway 5 into the closet bowlbelow the liquid level and oif center so as to establish acounterclockwise water swirl. The water in the bowl will rise andoverflow the usual water trap dam and flow down the downleg 11 of thewaste outlet siphon which will create a suction or vacuum through theventilating means outlet 14 of the conduit 13 leading to the ventilatingapparatus. As the float 108 and time delay container 109 of the valve103 rotate counterclockwise to over center position, the container 109will have its end portion 111 engage the lever arm 92 to hold the leverarm 92 and the lever arm 91 in their valve opening positions as shown inbroken lines in FIG. 2. The opening of the valve 103 will cause thewater level in the tank 1 to rapidly lower thereby causing the float 42to move downward within the tank 1 which will open the valve member 41aof the water inlet valve 30. Water will flow under city water pressureto the valve outlet 44 to the tangential inlet 66 (FIG. 3) into theupper chamber 48 of the tank filling means 46. Due to the centrifugaleffects arising from its tangential entry into the chamber 48, waterspins or swirls in the chamber 48 and because it cannot escape out thelower end of the chamber 48 it swirls around the chamber 48, filling it.By reason of the end wall 55, the water will then turn downward throughthe inlet 53 to continue with swirling action against the inner wall ofmember 50 as it flows into the lower chamber 49 through the annularpassageway 64. As it begins to move downwardly the water still retainsenough of a centrifugal motion to continue to swirl against the insidesurface of the member 50 and will discharge through the tangentialoutlet 70 into the passage way 76 and through the open valve 82. Thewater discharging through valve port 85 into the passageway 77 will flowinto the rim supply passageway 8 and discharge through the punchings orrim water outlet ports 7 into the bowl 4. This rim supplied water willsupplement the water discharging into the bowl through the mainpassageway 5 (FIG. 1) and will serve to wash down the side walls of thebowl 4.

The swirling motion of the water in the chamber 48 will also dischargethrough its outlet 68 (FIG. 4) into the refill tube 18 (FIG. 9) andthence into the ventilating apparatus water trap 17 and its inlet 19.Any excess water discharging into the trap 17 will overflow intopassageway 16 and thence flow to the rim passageway 6 into the bowl 4and bowl trap (not shown) for replenishing the same. The time delaymeans 109 of the flush valve 103 will hold the valve 103 open and thevalve 82 also open until the water discharges from the container 109through the drainhole 110 whereupon the weight of unbuoyed float 108will over 'balance the weight of the empty or substantially emptycontainer 109 and will cause the valve 103 to move to the closedposition. As soon as the container 109 moves away from the lever arm 92,the flexible member 112 will act on the arm 92 to pull it to its initialposition as shown in full line in FIG. 2 wherein the valve 82 will "beclosed, as in FIG. 8. With the valve 82 in closed position, the watercannot exit therethrough, and therefore rises over the end of portion 63of tube 61 and goes down the inside of the latter tube in a swirlingmotion and refills the tank 1 ready for another flushing operation.However, as long as the valve member 41a remains open, which will beuntil the level of the water in the tank 1 reaches the line L, therewill be some water flowing through the valve casing 72 and thepassageway 77 due to the clearance 88 of the gate valve 82. This waterwhich by-passes the valve 82 will replenish the bowl and bowl trap (notshown) in conjunction with overflow, if any, from the trap 17. With thearrangement and operation of the upper and lower swirl chambers 48 and49 respectively, as described, it Will be evident that if a vacuum orreduced pressure should occur in the supply pipe 27, water cannotaccidentally be drawn from the flush tank or from the rim flush or watercloset bowl into the water supply system. If such reduced pressureshould occur, the fact that the central opening defined by the wall 56is always open to atmosphere at the top thereof will prevent water frombeing drawn from the filling tube '61 or passageway 77 into the tube 65.Because the top of the overflow tube 114a (FIG. 2) is located at anelevation lower than that of the annular inlet 58 (FIG. 3), water in theflush tank will never reach the elevation of the annular inlet 58.Accordingly, the opening 66 will always be exposed to the atmosphereabove the water in the flush tank, and it would be impossible to drawwater from the tube 61 or 77 through the opening 66 and eventually intothe inlet pipe. This arrangement therefore provides a safety feature inthat it prevents backfiow of Water into the supply system in the event avacuum or reduced pressure should occur in the supply system.

When it is desired to ventilate the toilet bowl, the plunger knob 118 ispulled outwardly or away from the tank wall This movement will retractthe plunger 119 pulling on the linkage 122 thereby to engage the leveron 125 and cause it to be pulled toward the left or in acounterclockwise direction, facing FIG. 2. This movement of the leverarm 125 will rotate the shaft 35 (FIG. 5) in a counterclockwisedirection, thereby causing the cam means 34 to engage the valve stem 33and open the valve member 31 with the result that water under domesticline pressure from the passageway 28 will flow into the chamber 36 andforce the valve 38 to open position. The valve member 38 will close theatmospheric inlet of the siphon breaker'39 and will cause water to flowto the outlet 40 (FIG. 1) into the starter tube 24 which supplies waterto the aspirator water line 22. The water under pressure discharging tothe aspirator jet 23 and downward into the conduit 21 will create avacuum or low pressure in the reservoir 25a by way of the conduit 25 sothat water in the trap 17 will be drawn into the reservoir 25a and apressure difference will be created between the pressure of the air orgases in the bowl 4 and the pressure in the conduit 21 and downleg 11.This pressure differential will cause the gases to flow from the bowl 4upward through the outlet rim punchings 7 and the conduit 9 and 16 andhence into the passageway 17 and the conduits 21 and 13 into the downleg11 thereby ventilating the water closet bowl.

It should be noted that when the aspirator jet 23 is in operation therewill be a reduced pressure created in the suction tube or conduit 25which will create a reduced pressure in the reservoir 25a therebycausing evacuation of the liquid in trap 17 and the operation of theventilata ing apparatus. After ventilation is completed, the ventilating apparatus trap 17 is refilled by water flowing through the tube 18 andoutlet 19.

It will be apparent that the closet bowl can be ventilated withoutflushing the toilet by pulling outwardly as described above, on the knob118. Since this movement will open the valve member 31, there will be adischar e of water through the jet 23 into the conduit 21 which willcause the trap 17 to empty and cause air and/ or gases to flow from thebowl through the punchings 7 and outlet 9 into the ventilatingapparatus. This airflow will continue as long as the valve member 31 iskept open. After the ventilating apparatus operation is completed theknob 118 is pushed inwardly. This inward movement pushes the plunger 119inwardly such that the protrusions 122a on rod 122 come into engagementwith the lever 125 to rotate the latter clockwise (facing FIG. 2) tothereby close the valve member 31 and terminate operation of theventilating apparatus. The protrusions 122a are arranged on rod 122 suchthat inward movement of the rod 119 shuts the valve member 31 by meansof the protrusions 122:: while at the same time the valve member 103 and82 are opened to start the bowl flush and rim flush. With thisarrangement the ventilating apparatus cannot be stopped without goingthrough a flushing cycle, thereby assuring that the trap 17 in theventilating apparatus will be replenished after each cycle of operation.

In the tube 61 (FIG. 3) there is a drain hole 67 leading from the bottomend of the chamber 49 into the tube 61 to drain the bottom of chamber 49when the swirling action is reduced and the valve member 41a in thefinal stages of being shut off by the float 42.

If for any reason the water should rise in the tank 1 to the maximumlevel, as determined by the level of the mouth of the overflow 114, noadverse siphonic action could occur if the Water pressure in the inletline 27 was subjected to a reduced pressure. The reason for this is thatthe water in the tank 1 would first have to move into the chamber 48over the upper wall 55 of the member 53. This upper wall 55 is above themaximum depth of the water, and therefore no such reverse flow canoccur.

The invention hereinabove described may be varied in construction withinthe scope of the claim, for the particular device selected to illustratethe invention is but 5% one of many possible embodiments of the same.The invention, therefore, is not to be restricted to the precise detailsof the structure shown and described.

What is claimed is:

1. In a water closet flushing apparatus, a tank vertically extendinghollow tank filling means positioned within said tank, said means havingan upper cylindrical swirl chamber and a lower cylindrical swirlchamber, the inner wall of said lower chamber comprising a dischargeconduit, the inner -wall of said upper chamber merging into the outerwall of said lower chamber, said discharge conduit discharging into saidtank, said chambers each having the upper ends of their inner wallsterminating below the upper ends of their outer walls whereby liquidsupplied to said upper chamber can overflow its inner wall for dischargeinto said lower chamber and liquid supplied to said lower chamber canoverflow its inner wall for discharge through said conduit into saidtank, said upper chamber having a substantially tangential inlet throughits outer wall, and said lower chamber having a substantially tangentialoutlet through its outer wall for supplying water to a closet.

References (Iited UNITED STATES PATENTS 936,561 10/1909 Pennington 4721,004,917 10/1911 Shadall 4215 1,137,196 4/1915 Duff 4-215 1,180,1774/1916 Muckenhirn 4-72 1,242,251 10/1917 Shadall 4-215 1,303,974 5/1919Shadall 4-215 1,372,125 3/1921 Dreier 137-561 2,302,274 11/1942 Svirsky137216 2,312,654 3/1943 Langdon 137-216 2,479,997 8/1949 Brown 1375612,686,035 8/1954 Wuesthoff 137216 2,705,808 4/1955 Crockett 4-572,706,818 4/1955 Graziosi 457 2,800,923 7/1957 Russell 137-63622,839,083 6/1958 Moen 137-636.2 3,107,747 10/1963 Parkison 137216WILLIAM F. ODEA, Primary Examiner.

D. H. LAMBERT, Assistant Examiner.

1. IN A WATER CLOSET FLUSHING APPARATUS, A TANK VERTCALLY EXTENDINGHOLLOW TANK FILLING MEANS POSITIONED WITH IN SAID TANK, SAID MEANSHAVING AN UPPER CYLINDRICAL SWIRL CHAMBER AND A LOWER CYLINDRICAL SWIRLCHAMBER, THE INNER WALL OF SAID LOWER CHAMBER COMPRISING A DISCHARGECONDUIT, THE INNER WALL OF SAID UPPER CHAMBER MERGING INTO THE OUTERWALL OF SAID LOWER CHAMBER, SAID DISCHARGE CONDUIT DISCHARGING INTO SAIDTANK, SAID CHAMBERS EACH HAVING THE UPPER ENDS OF THEIR INNER WALLSTERMINATING BELOW THE UPPER ENDS OF THEIR OUTER WALLS WHEREBY LIQUIDSUPPLIED TO SAID UPPER CHAMBER CAN OVERFLOW ITS INNER WALL FOR DISCHARGEINTO SAID LOWER CHAMBER AND LIQUID SUPPLIED TO SAID LOWER CHAMBER CANOVERFLOW ITS INNER WALL FOR DISCHARGE THROUGH SAID CONDUIT INTO SAIDTANK, SAID UPPER CHAMBER HAVING A SUBSTANTIALLY TANGEN-